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随着材料尺度减小到纳米量级，将会在光、电、磁等方面呈现出新奇量子效应和现象，可以用来探索和研制具有新功能和新原理的信息电子器件。纳米材料的卓越性能来源于其原子排列结构，同时与其尺寸、界面、表面息息相关。因此通过在原子尺度上控制其结构来实现其性质的调控，进一步组装成宏观体并保留其本身优异性质，已成为纳米技术领域最核心的科学技术问题。可以预见，纳米材料原子尺度上结构和物性的精确调控，将进一步推动材料、物理、化学、电子器件等领域的发展。
本研究组长期专注于碳纳米管等相关纳米材料原子排列结构的精确识别和控制，实现其性质与功能的人工设计与调控，继而以这些纳米材料为基本单元，设计和构筑宏观尺度碳纳米材料及其复合体系，探索其潜在的应用。
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利用化学气相沉积法、电弧放电法等生长控制碳纳米管的手性结构、长度、直径、取向、位置以及宏观尺寸等。碳纳米管的生长控制是控制碳纳米管最简单高效的手段，可以避免因后处理引入杂质和缺陷，影响碳纳米管的性质和应用研究。我们研究组在解思深院士的带领下先后制备出了世界上首个垂直定向碳纳米管阵列、最长碳纳米管、最细碳纳米管以及大面积无纺单壁碳纳米管布。 |
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A05组碳纳米管可控制备研究进展图 |
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参考文献： |
1. W.J. Ma , L. Song , R. Yang , et al., Directly synthesized strong, highly conducting, transparent single-walled carbon nanotube films, Nano Lett. 7(2007) 2307.
2. L. Song , L.J. Ci, L.F. Sun, et al.，Large-scale synthesis of rings of bundled single-walled carbon nanotubes by floating chemical vapor deposition, Adv. Mater. 18 (2006)1817.
3. L. Song, L. Ci, L. Lv, et al., Direct Synthesis of a Macroscale Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Non-Woven Material, Adv. Mater. 16 (2004) 1529
4. L.J. Ci, Z.L. Rao, Z.P. Zhou, et al., Double wall carbon nanotubes promoted by sulfur in a floating iron catalyst CVD system, Chem. Phys. Lett. 359 (2002) 63.
5.L. F. Sun, S. S. Xie, W. Liu, et al., Materials:Creating the narrowest carbon nanotubes, Nature 403(2000) 384
6. Z.W. Pan , S.S. Xie , B.H. Chang , et al., QianVery long carbon nanotubes, Nature 394 (1998) 631.
7. W. Z. Li, S. S. Xie, L. X. Qian, et al., Large-Scale Synthesis of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes, Science 274 (1996)1701. |
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利用凝胶色谱等后处理方法对生长制备出的各种结构碳纳米管混合物进行宏量分离获取单一结构均一性质的碳纳米管。单一结构均一性质的碳纳米管的制备是碳纳米管物性研究和器件应用的重要前提。 |
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碳纳米管结构分离示意图 |
2000 ml 不同结构碳纳米管溶液照片 |
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参考文献： |
1. H. Liu, T. Tanaka, H. Kataura, Optical Isomer Separation of Single-Chirality Carbon Nanotubes Using Gel Column Chromatography. Nano Lett. 14(2014)6237.
2. H. Liu, T. Tanaka, Y. Urabe, H. Kataura. High-efficiency single-chirality separation of carbon nanotubes using temperature-controlled gel chromatography. Nano Lett. 13(2013)1996.
3. H. Liu, D. Nishide, T. Tanaka, H. Kataura. Large-scale single-chirality separation of single-wall carbon nanotubes by simple gel chromatography. Nat. Commun. 2(2011)309.
4. H. Liu, Y. Feng, T. Tanaka, Y. Urabe, H. Kataura. Diameter-Selective Metal/Semiconductor Separation of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Agarose Gel. J. Phys. Chem. C 114 (2010) 9270-9276.
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通过对碳纳米管物理性质（包括电学、光学、力学等）的研究， 充分揭示碳纳米管的各种潜在应用价值，为碳纳米管的实际应用奠定坚实的基础。 |
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参考文献： |
1. H. Liu, T. Tanaka, Y. Urabe, H. Kataura. High-efficiency single-chirality separation of carbon nanotubes using temperature-controlled gel chromatography. Nano Lett. 13(2013)1996.
2. Y. S. Lim, A. R. T. Nugraha, S. J. Cho, et al., Ultrafast generation of fundamental and multiple-order phonon excitations in highly-enriched (6, 5) single-Wall carbon nanotubes, Nano Lett. 14(2014)1426.
3. X. Zhang, F. Yang, D. Zhao, et al., Temperature dependent Raman spectra of isolated suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nanoscale 6(2014)3949.
4. W. Zhou, D. Nakamura, H. Liu, H. Kataura, S. Takeyama. Relative ordering between bright and dark excitons in single-walled carbon nanotubes. Scientific Reports 4(2014)6999.
5. W.J. Ma, L.Q. Liu, T.H. Zhang, et al., Monitoring a Micromechanical Process in Macroscale Carbon Nanotube Films and Fibers, Adv. Mater. 21 (2009) 603.
6. W.J. Ma, L.Q. Liu, Z. Zhang, et al., High-Strength Composite Fibers: Realizing True Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Matrix through Continuous Reticulate Architecture and Molecular Level Couplings, Nano Lett. 9 (2009) 2855 |
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碳纳米管研究的终极目标是实现其在人类生活中的应用。我们研究组在碳纳米管可控制备和性质研究的基础上，利用单壁碳纳米管制备出了性能优异的碳纳米管二极管、离子型弯曲制动器、以及柔性可拉伸超级电容器、传感器等，为碳纳米管的实际应用奠定了基础。 |
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柔性二极管[1] |
弯曲制动器[7] |
应变传感器[3] |
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参考文献： |
1.D. Yu, H. Liu, L.M. Peng, S. Wang, Flexible Light-Emitting Devices Based on Chirality-Sorted
Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Films, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7(2015) 3462.
2. N. Zhang, P. Luan, W. Zhou, et al., Highly stretchable pseudocapacitors based on buckled reticulate hybrid electrodes, Nano Res. 7( 2014)1680
3. L. Cai , L. Song, P. Luan, et al., Super-stretchable, Transparent Carbon Nanotube-Based Capacitive Strain Sensors for Human Motion Detection, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 3048
4. Z.Q. Niu, W. Zhou, J. Chen, et al., A repeated halving approach to fabricate ultrathin single-walled carbon nanotube films for transparent supercapacitors, Small 9 (2013) 518
5. Q.S. Zeng, S. Wang, L.J. Yang, et al., Doping-free fabrication of carbon nanotube thin-film diodes and their photovoltaic characteristics, Nano Res. 5(2012) 33
7. J.Z. Li, W.J. Ma, L. Song, et al, Superfast-Response and Ultrahigh-power-density electromechanical actuators based on hierarchal carbon nanotube electrodes and chitosan, Nano Lett. 11(2011) 4636. |
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